As part of the aging process, degeneration occurs in the lumbar region and is referred to as lumbar spondylosis. This is typically reflected in diagnostic studies showing bone spur formation of the vertebral bodies, degeneration, herniation and desiccation of the intervertebral discs, hypertrophy of the interspinal ligaments, or arthritic changes in the facet joints. Trauma to the lumbar spine or heavy lifting and twisting events may result in back and/or leg pain. Such pain is treated with medications, physical therapy, lumbar steroid injections, or surgery.