A surgical tracheostomy is a procedure in which a scalpel is used to make an incision in the lower part of the neck just above the sternal notch at the top of the breastbone and dissect down to the trachea. At this point, an incision is made in the trachea and a tube is placed into the trachea to obtain an airway. This is a procedure that is performed by a physician. Paramedics are not credentialed to perform this procedure.

Tracheostomy medical expert witness specialties include otolaryngology, emergency medicine, head and neck surgery, pediatric otolaryngology, and anesthesiology.

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