Examination of Pupil Function
Examination of the pupil function is part of a complete eye exam and an important part of glaucoma examination and follow-up care. When a papillary afferent defect (APD) is identified, it means there is significant to severe damage to the optic nerve. If this occurs due to glaucoma, it is irreversible and permanent.
Pupil function medical expert witness specialties include ophthalmology.